By decreasing the leafy spurge population in the grazing test sites, native grasses increased by a nearly identical rate during the same time frame.

The Montana Sheep Institute is a joint effort between Montana State University and the Montana Wool Growers Association. Researchers from the institute are now looking to the federal government for money in order to continue their work.

It is believed that Leafy Spurge arrived in the U.S. as a seed impurity in the early 1800s. The first recorded incident of leafy spurge dates back to Massachusetts in 1827, spreading quickly and reaching North Dakota within about 80 years.

Leafy spurge seeds can remain viable in the soil for seven years. The seed capsules open explosively, dispersing seeds up to 15 feet from the parent plant. Leafy spurge spreads at a rate of several feet each year. The root system is complex and can reach 15 or more feet into the ground, and may have numerous buds. The weed will displace native vegetation through shading and by using available water and soil nutrients. Plant toxins can prevent the growth of other plants underneath it.