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The people at the Morton Arboretum in Lisle, Ill. have long worked on a solution to the terrible ravages of the emerald ash borer (EAB) on North American ash trees. The EAB is responsible for an estimated 25 million ash tree deaths in North America. EAB has invaded the Illinois landscape, which has a population of 131 million ash trees. The borers have afflicted ash trees in Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Ohio, Wisconsin, and Missouri, hitting Michigan especially hard. The beetle shows no sign of backing off. (See ?EUR??,,????'?????<?????????????????Emerald Ash Borer Strikes New Target in Chicagoland?EUR??,,????'?????<????????????????? https://www.landscapearchitect.com/private/research/article.php?id=10264)
?EUR??,,????'?????<?????????????????There is very good evidence there is resistance to the emerald ash borer in China?EUR??,,????'?????<???????????????????????(R)?EUR??,,????'????s ashes,?EUR??,,????'?????<????????????????? says Kris Bachtell, the director of collections and facilities at the Morton Arboretum.
Mr. Bachtell recently returned from China where he collected wild seeds of Chinese ash species. He traveled to a remote area southwest of Xi?EUR??,,????'?????<???????????????????????(R)?EUR??,,????'????an in Shaanxi Province, making 50 collections (several thousand seeds), including five ash species: Pax?EUR??,,????'?????<???????????????????????(R)?EUR??,,????'????s ash, Manchurian ash, Chinese ash, Chinese flowering ash and island ash, which is a rare species not found in the U.S. He also collected seeds from hardy linden and maple species. Joining Bachtell?EUR??,,????'?????<???????????????????????(R)?EUR??,,????'????s expedition were Christopher Carley from the U.S. National Arboretum, Tony Aiello from the Morris Arboretum of the University of Pennsylvania and host Kang Wang, from the Beijing Botanic Garden.
The collected seeds had to clear customs. The authorities conducted tests, including x-rays, to make sure no seeds contain diseases or pests.
?EUR??,,????'?????<?????????????????If you want to test a species for its insect and disease resistance, it?EUR??,,????'?????<???????????????????????(R)?EUR??,,????'????s best to test a tree that?EUR??,,????'?????<???????????????????????(R)?EUR??,,????'????s not a hybrid,?EUR??,,????'?????<????????????????? he explains. ?EUR??,,????'?????<?????????????????That?EUR??,,????'?????<???????????????????????(R)?EUR??,,????'????s why we collect wild seeds, to get the species?EUR??,,????'?????<???????????????????????(R)?EUR??,,????'???? pure form.?EUR??,,????'?????<?????????????????
Dr. Fredric Miller, the arboretum?EUR??,,????'?????<???????????????????????(R)?EUR??,,????'????s research associate, and Kunso Kim, assistant director of collections, are looking to secure a grant for a study to evaluate the susceptibility of different types of ash to the ash borer. Though this study evaluates ash trees currently part of the Arboretum?EUR??,,????'?????<???????????????????????(R)?EUR??,,????'????s collections, future studies will include trees grown from the wild Chinese seeds that Bachtell collected.
The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) will keep many of the collected seeds in their Crop Germplasm System, a seed bank available to researchers around the world.
?EUR??,,????'?????<?????????????????I may not see the hybrid in my generation. Introducing trees is a multigenerational thing,?EUR??,,????'?????<????????????????? he concedes. ?EUR??,,????'?????<?????????????????Trees are a long-term investment. It?EUR??,,????'?????<???????????????????????(R)?EUR??,,????'????s a deliberate, but slow process.?EUR??,,????'?????<?????????????????
The Morton Arboretum gratefully acknowledges F.A. Bartlett Tree Expert Co. for its support of the China expedition.
Francisco Uviña, University of New Mexico
Hardscape Oasis in Litchfield Park
Ash Nochian, Ph.D. Landscape Architect
November 12th, 2025
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