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Germany?EUR??,,????'?????<???EUR?s Ruhr Valley has long been synonymous with steel and coal production, however, the unearthing of fossil fuels is significantly diminishing, while steel production is also declining. At the end of 2007, the German coal industry employed 32,800 workers, about 43 percent fewer people than in 2000, and 94 percent fewer than in 1959, according to the German Hard Coal Association. Much of the coal is deep in the earth and it is simply less expensive for Germany to import coal rather than dig it up, further evident by the government phasing out billions in subsidies to the coal industry.
Derelict steel works and abandoned coal mining infrastructures are rusting away and nature recapturing the landscape. The local state government, NorthRhine-Westphalia, created a redevelopment approach called the International Building Exhibition (IBA) at Emscher Park to deal with the environmental damage and begin designing urban communities of the future. The government has put billions of dollars into Emscher Park, a series of green spaces, regrowing forests and recreational areas covering 497 square miles here in the northwest Ruhr Valley.
IBA oversees individual redevelopment projects and seven area-wide master plans. About 100 projects have been developed and implemented on five sites in the area between the cities of Duisburg and Kamen. Emscher Park’s development is reusing old buildings rather than constructing new ones, with some former coal miners helping renovate buildings.
“This will certainly create new jobs for someone who plants, someone who maintains the plantation, and someone who is harvesting the biomass,” landscape architect Frank Lohrberg told worldchanging.com.
Francisco Uviña, University of New Mexico
Hardscape Oasis in Litchfield Park
Ash Nochian, Ph.D. Landscape Architect
November 12th, 2025
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