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Building Community Through Hardscape08-18-25 | Feature

Building Community Through Hardscape

The University of South Carolina's Campus Village
by Lauren Crumbaugh, Wood+Partners

An area with limited viability at the edge of the University of South Carolina's campus was targeted for development into a contemporary student residential district. The outcome is the 9-plus-acre Campus Village encompassing four stately structures that facilitate student living, dining, and academics as well as a transportation hub and retail outlets. The design team headed by the architect of record, Boudreaux, included Greystar Development, university representatives, and Wood+Partners as the Landscape Architect who were assigned to master planning with an emphasis on grading strategies and hardscape design in addition to construction documentation and administration. (PHOTO CREDIT: CREATIVE SOURCES PHOTOGRAPHY / RION RIZZO)
Campus Village's main plaza is anchored by the clock tower (see previous) and key buildings. The area is accented with a series of pavers like Belgard's Mega-Bergerac decorative pavers in the Ardennes hue. Specified site furnishings include backless benches with Cumaru (Brazillian Teak) slats, in-ground-mounted "U" bike racks, dual-side-door recycling stations, and metal fencing. (PHOTO CREDIT: CREATIVE SOURCES PHOTOGRAPHY / RION RIZZO)
The character of the University of South Carolina's main campus can be described as traditional and collegiate with strong Southern influences. The use of red brick, classical pillars, and formal entrance signage evokes a timeless, academic aesthetic that aligns with historic campus architecture often found in the South. The cast stone walls and columns feature modular, full-range face brick.
The large, central green space planted with 58,164 square feet of Zeon Zoysia Sod (Zoysia x 'Zeon') facilitates passive and active outdoor uses, and funnels pedestrian circulation towards a major promenade that connects Campus Village to the main campus and Athletics Village. Complemented by overstory shade trees such as Kingpin Willow Oaks (Quercus phellos 'Greenenvy'), walkways made of concrete with a medium broom finish and troweled edges provide connectivity to the village's promenades and the rest of campus. Lining this concrete walkway are Shumard Oaks (Quercus shumardii) and decorative lighting with school banners, which were specified to unite the newly developed Campus Village with the university's historic grounds. PHOTO CREDIT: CREATIVE SOURCES PHOTOGRAPHY / RION RIZZO
To mitigate the site's significant grade change, concrete retaining walls and a turf-terraced landscape creates tiered seating areas. A relatively flat and accessible path for pedestrian circulation sits above them. The soft texture of the Muhly grass (Muhlenbergia capillaris) was specified to contrast the concrete.
Besides large format pavers and concrete cobblestones, the hardscape design included herringbone fields with header course borders of rumbled, full-range, 2 ? 1/4 "-thick brick pavers for pedestrian use and 2 ? 3/4 "-thick brick pavers for vehicular use. Counted among the site furnishings are Landscape Forms's 6-foot Plainwell benches with Ipe wood slats as well as solar-powered trash compactors.
Cobble banding 4"x4" concrete pavers with antiqued finish and hard split texture surround a tooled concrete walkway. Decorative bollards limit vehicular access, giving priority to pedestrian circulation. The pedestrian light fixtures are the standard specified by the university.
A built-in runnel adjacent to the poured concrete steps offers students on bikes a convenient way to navigate the grade changes, supporting seamless movement throughout the site. Hand railings were fashioned from tubular steel pipe.
A thorough analysis of the site which previously housed low-density facilities, surface parking, and outdated infrastructure, gave the design team an effective comprehension of topographic conditions and circulation patterns. The master plan for Stage 1 conceived a pedestrian-oriented development with linkages to the main campus and Athletics Village. The proposal included an amphitheater integrated into a hillside between Buildings 2 and 3, a central green alongside Building 4, and an 1,800-space parking deck.

Located in the heart of Columbia, South Carolina, the University of South Carolina's (USC) Campus Village is a landmark development that reimagines the future of student living through an integrated blend of architecture, landscape, and hardscape design. It spans more than nine acres and includes four new residence halls, an 1,800-space parking deck, student dining facilities, academic spaces, and several retail amenities - all united by a network of thoughtful outdoor spaces that prioritize student wellness, connection, and mobility.

Wood+Partners (WP) served as the lead landscape architecture firm on Stage 1 of the project, in partnership with the architect of record and team leader Boudreaux. WP's role spanned from master planning and design development to construction documentation and administration, with a particular focus on hardscape design, grading strategies, planting design, circulation planning, and placemaking. Landscape Architects Kyle Theodore, PLA, Trey Griffin, PLA, and David McAllister, PLA, led the design effort, working in close collaboration with university representatives, architects, engineers, and the developer to deliver a unified and enduring outdoor environment.

A Site with Opportunity
The project location, situated at the southern edge of the USC campus, was historically underutilized. Its redevelopment offered the university a chance to physically and symbolically reconnect this area with the main campus and the surrounding city through landscape architecture. Drawing inspiration from USC's historic Horseshoe and the award-winning Gamecock Park, the team aimed to bring a similar sense of place and identity to Campus Village. The Landscape Architects translated the timeless character of these iconic spaces into a contemporary context, creating a cohesive environment that successfully integrates both thoughtful programming and efficient circulation within a modern residential community.

Project Goals and Guiding Principles
The primary goal was to create a student-centered, pedestrian-oriented environment that promotes interaction, wellness, and academic success. The design needed to accommodate the everyday rhythms of student life - from walking and biking to gathering, relaxing, and studying - while also establishing an attractive and enduring public realm.

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Key objectives included 1) creating seamless pedestrian and bike connectivity within the village and between adjacent university zones; 2) designing outdoor spaces that support passive and active use, including informal gathering, events, study, and recreation; 3) addressing significant grade changes across the site while maintaining accessibility and spatial coherence; 4) using high-quality materials that reflect the campus identity and support long-term durability; and 5) integrating landscape and hardscape features to foster a sense of place and comfort for students.

Design Process and Method
Beginning with a comprehensive site analysis to understand circulation patterns, view corridors, topographic conditions, and opportunities for placemaking, the design team worked closely with the broader consultant group to ensure the landscape meshed seamlessly with the building architecture and site infrastructure.

At the master plan scale, the site was organized around a series of open spaces, each with a distinct character and function. These include a main plaza at the intersection of two major promenades, an amphitheater integrated into a hillside between USC Campus Village Buildings 2 and 3, a central green serving as an informal recreation and connection space at Building 4, and a network of tree-lined pedestrian paths that provide strong internal and external campus connections. Circulation planning emphasized seamless connectivity between Campus Village, the Main Campus, and Athletics Village. Key visual corridors were preserved and enhanced through strategic grading and planting.

Hardscape Strategy and Materials
Hardscape design was a central element of the project, both functionally and aesthetically. A hierarchy of paving treatments was used to differentiate plaza spaces, promenades, and pedestrian walkways. Materials were chosen for durability, color compatibility with campus architecture, and textural variety. For example, brick pavers were specified for decorative accents at building entrances, concrete cobblestones were placed in the plaza and seating areas, and Belgard plaza pavers were used in larger open zones and key circulation routes. These materials work together to create a visual rhythm and tactile experience that supports pedestrian movement and site identity. Site furnishings - including Landscape Forms benches, decorative bollards, recycling stations, solar trash compactors, and Madrax bike racks - were selected for their modern design, durability, and student-friendly usability.

Social Nodes and Gathering Spaces
Campus Village was designed to be more than a place to live - it was envisioned as a place to connect. The main plaza serves as a central social hub, defined by its decorative paving, shade trees, and anchoring buildings. It's where the campus promenade system converges, offering both an intuitive wayfinding element and an open-air venue for events and day-to-day student life. Tiered amphitheater seating and breakout plazas provide flexible zones for informal study sessions, club meetings, and casual hangouts. Grassy lawns accommodate everything from pick-up soccer games to quiet reading sessions under the trees. Each element - whether paving material, bench placement, or lighting - was intentionally selected to reinforce social interaction and student well-being.

Overcoming Challenges
As with any large-scale campus development, the project encountered a variety of challenges. Chief among them was managing the existing topography, which required careful coordination between grading, building entries, utilities, and circulation systems. Rather than attempt to flatten the site, the Landscape Architects used the terrain to the project's advantage by incorporating retaining walls, tiered terraces, and sloped lawns to manage grade while also creating usable, visually compelling spaces. A standout example is the amphitheater, which transforms a steep hillside into tiered seating for relaxation, study, or small events. Terraced lawn areas with ornamental plantings and concrete seat walls take full advantage of the grade change while offering informal gathering spots that feel integrated and natural.

Another key challenge was the complexity of circulation. The site had to balance day-to-day pedestrian movement with vehicular service needs, such as student move-in days, routine trash collection, and emergency vehicle access. This meant allowing for increased widths to accommodate larger vehicles, such as fire trucks, while maintaining a pedestrian-friendly scale. To address this, the team utilized a mix of materials, including tooled concrete and concrete cobble pavers in areas requiring greater structural support. This strategy ensured safety and functionality without compromising the character of the space.

Project Outcome
Completed in 2023, Campus Village has already begun reshaping student life at USC. The outdoor spaces are heavily used and the hardscape elements have proven essential in defining spaces, guiding circulation, and enhancing the character of the development. The project sets a new benchmark for campus development at USC, demonstrating how landscape architecture can elevate function, foster community, and shape identity. Through its use of durable materials, thoughtful grading, and purposeful design, Campus Village is more than a collection of buildings - it's a vibrant, human-scaled environment where students live, learn, and belong.

As seen in LASN magazine, August 2025.

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